GC: n S: WHO – http://www.who.int/drugresistance/Microbes_and_Antimicrobials/en/ (last access: 10 May 2016); http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html (last access: 10 May 2016). N: 1. 1929, coined in English by Alexander Fleming (1881-1955), who first recognized its antibiotic properties, from Modern Latin Penicillium notatum (1867), the name of the mould from which it was first obtained,

GC: n S: WHO – http://www.who.int/biologicals/vaccines/synthetic_peptide_vaccines/en/ (last access: 2 January 2016); https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/protein2.htm (last access: 2 January 2016). N: 1. 1906, from German peptid; see peptone + -ide, probably indicating a derivative. 2. Any organic substance of which the molecules are structurally like those of proteins, but smaller. The class of

See SIERTERM: https://sierterm.es/content/percolation

GC: n S: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001059.htm (last access: 8 August 2014); http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Gum-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx (last access: 8 August 2014). N: 1. periodontitis, inflammation of the soft tissues around the teeth, characterized by swollen, tender gums, that may lead to the eventual loss of teeth. Periodontitis begins with the deposition of bacterial plaque on the

GC:n S: NHS – http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peritonitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx (last access: 2 December 2016); MAYO – http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peritonitis/basics/causes/con-20032165 (last access: 2 December 2016). N:1. 1776, medical Latin, coined c. 1750 by French pathologist François-Boissier de la Croix de Sauvages (1706-1767) from Greek peritonos (from peritonaion) + -itis “inflammation.” 2. Peritonitis, inflammation of the peritoneum, the

GC: n S: http://www.carehospitals.com/specialty/nephrology/conditions-treatments/bone-disease-in-ckd/ (last access: 26 July 2017); http://www.ivsolutions.com/blog/cystic-fibrosis-bone-disease-complications (last access: 26 July 2017). N: 1. In spite of etymology, the term “osteopath” is not used in English (specially American English) as “person with bone disease”. osteopath (n): 1897, back-formation from osteopathy. osteopathy (n): 1857, “disease of the bones,”

GC: n S: WHO – http://www.who.int/topics/pertussis/en/ (last access: 11 July 2015); CDC – http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/index.html (last access: 11 July 2015). N: 1. “whooping cough,” 1670s (Sydenham), from Modern Latin pertussis, from per- “thoroughly” + tussis “cough,” of unknown origin. 2. Anyone can get whooping cough, but it is more common in infants

GC: n S: https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/ohp-enhealth-manual-atsi-cnt-l~ohp-enhealth-manual-atsi-cnt-l-ch5~ohp-enhealth-manual-atsi-cnt-l-ch5.1 (last access: 3 March 2020); WHO – https://www.who.int/whopes/resources/9789241509923/en/ (last access: 3 March 2020). N:1. pest (n.): 1550s (in imprecations, “a pest upon ,” etc.), “plague, pestilence,” from Middle French peste (1530s), from Latin pestis “deadly contagious disease; a curse, bane,” of uncertain origin. Meaning “noxious or

GC: n S: WHO – http://www.who.int/topics/pesticides/en/ (last access: 4 February 2016); NIH – http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/pesticides/ (last access: 29 November 2013); DORLAND. N: 1. 1939, a hybrid coined from English pest + Latinate -cide. 2. Pesticides include herbicides for destroying weeds and other unwanted vegetation, insecticides for controlling a wide variety of

See SIERTERM: https://sierterm.es/content/petroleum

GC: n S: http://pubs.acs.org/subscribe/archive/mdd/v04/i05/html/05timeline.html (last access: 2 December 2016); http://pharmacology.uthscsa.edu/graduate/whatis_pharmTrack.asp (last access: 2 December 2016). N: 1. 1721, formed in Modern Latin (1680s) from pharmaco- + –logy. Related: Pharmacological. 2. The study of drugs, their sources, their nature, and their properties. Pharmacology is the study of the body’s reaction to

GC: n S: http://www.ehow.com/info_8246240_difference-between-pharmacy-drugstore.html (last access: 6 August 2015); GDT. N: 1. late 14c., “a medicine,” from Old French farmacie “a purgative” (13c.), from Medieval Latin pharmacia, from Greek pharmakeia “use of drugs, medicines, potions, or spells; poisoning, witchcraft; remedy, cure,” from pharmakeus (fem. pharmakis) “preparer of drugs, poisoner, sorcorer”

GC: n S: http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/explore-by-career/pharmacy/ (last access: 4 September 2014); https://sciencebasedpharmacy.wordpress.com/ (last access: 6 August 2015). N: 1. late 14c., “a medicine,” from Old French farmacie “a purgative” (13c.), from Medieval Latin pharmacia, from Greek pharmakeia “use of drugs, medicines, potions, or spells; poisoning, witchcraft; remedy, cure,” from pharmakeus (fem. pharmakis)

GC: n S: WHO – World Health Organization. http://www.who.int/ith/diseases/haemorrhagicfevers/en/.(external link) (last access: 11 November 2014); MEDLP – http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000639.htm.(external link) (last access: 11 November 2014). N: 1. 1824, from stem of pharynx + -itis. 1690s, from Greek pharynx (windpipe, throat), related to pharanx (cleft, chasm). Noun suffix denoting diseases characterized by

GC: n S: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/phlebitis/article_em.htm (last access: 12 June 2015); DORLAND p. 1923. N: 1. 1820, medical Latin, from phlebo- (word-forming element in medicine meaning “vein,” from Greek phlebo-, comb. form of phleps “vein,” of uncertain origin) + -itis (“inflammation”). 2. The condition is marked by infiltration of the coats of

GC: n S: MNT- https://n9.cl/m7vdd (last access: 28 November 2020); HLN- https://www.healthline.com/health/phobia-simple-specific (last access: 28 November 2020). N: 1. “irrational fear, horror, or aversion; fear of an imaginary evil or undue fear of a real one,” 1786, perhaps based on a similar use in French, abstracted from compounds in -phobia, the

GC: n S: EPA – http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/phosgene.html (last access: 4 December 2014); CDC –http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/phosgene/basics/facts.asp (last access: 4 December 2014); EncBrit. N: 1. phosgene (n): from latin phos “light,” contraction of phaos “light, daylight” (related to phainein “to show, to bring to light) + generator “person or thing that generates,”from Latin generator

GC: n S: http://www4.ncsu.edu/~franzen/public_html/Poland/Poznan08a/Text/Ch6.pdf (last access: 11 December 2013); http://www.thebigger.com/chemistry/chemical-kinetics/define-photochemical-reactions-with-example/ (last access: 1 October 2015). N: 1. A chemical reaction initiated by the absorption of energy in the form of light. The consequence of molecules’ absorbing light is the creation of transient excited states whose chemical and physical properties differ

GC: n S: http://www.medicalteams.org/take-action/volunteer/disaster-response-volunteering (last access: 17 May 2016); https://www.racp.edu.au/about/what-is-a-physician (last access: 17 May 2016). N: 1. early 13c., fisicien “a healer, a medical practitioner,” from Old French fisiciien “physician, doctor, sage” (12c., Modern French physicien means “physicist”), from fisique “art of healing,” from Latin physica “natural science”. Distinguished from

GC: n S: Thoracic – https://goo.gl/6gWxId (last access: 14 December 2016 ); MedlinePlus – https://goo.gl/hxogtg (last access: 14 December 2016); ATSJ – https://goo.gl/gPB7vJ (last access: 14 December 2016). N: 1. Pickwickian syndrome is a disorder that was named after Joe, the fat, red faced boy in Charles Dickens’ The Pickwick

GC: n S: UN – http://www.un.org/depts/los/piracy/piracy.htm (last access: 23 February 2014); ICC – https://icc-ccs.org/piracy-reporting-centre/live-piracy-map (last access: 31 August 2015). N: 1. Early 15c., from Medieval Latin piratia, from Greek peirateia “piracy,” from peirates (see pirate (n.)). 2. The operative word in that definition is “lawfully”, as the international law of

GC: n S: UNESCO – http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=39397&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (last access: 31 August 2015); OSU – https://ocio.osu.edu/itsecurity/buckeyesecure/copyright-and-piracy (last access: 31 August 2015). N: 1. Early 15c., from Medieval Latin piratia, from Greek peirateia “piracy,” from peirates (see pirate (n.)). 2. piracy (copyright crime), act of illegally reproducing or disseminating copyrighted material, such as

GC: n S : BBC – https://bbc.in/2TB1LED (last access: 7 February 2019); MarMus – https://bit.ly/2I06uOG (last access: 7 February 2019). N: 1. c.1300 (mid-13c. as a surname), from Latin pirata “sailor, corsair, sea robber” (source of Spanish, Italian pirata, Dutch piraat, German Pirat), literally “one who attacks (ships),” from Greek

GC: n S: EncBrit; TERMIUMPLUS; GDT. N: 1. pitch (n.) (n.2): “resinous substance, wood tar,” late 12c., pich, from Old English pic “pitch,” from a Germanic borrowing (Old Saxon and Old Frisian pik, Middle Dutch pik, Dutch pek, Old High German pek, German Pech, Old Norse bik) of Latin pix